Hemorrhoids ( Click image to enlarge ) Hemorrhoids are swollen varicose or piles in the anal area. It is painful when the body part is slipping or falling down from its usual position ( prolapsed ) and thrombosed. It bleeds when passing stools

A cardiac arrest, also known as cardiopulmonary arrest or circulatory arrest, is the abrupt cessation of normal circulation of the blood due to failure of the heart to contract effectively during systole.Visit @ en.wikipedia.org or visit

Fractures - any break in the continuity of a bone. It can be open or closed fracture. Closed injury - one in which the overlying skin is intact. Proper splinting helps prevent closed injury fracture from becoming an open fracture. Open injury -

 1. rigid splint 3. traction splint 4. sling & swathe 5. improvise splint 6. anatomical splint  General rules for splinting: 1. Always communicate your plans with your patient, if possible ask permission. 2. Before immobilizing

Other Injuries: Musculoskeletal Injuries Soft Tissue Injuries - commonly referred to as wounds, are injuries to the skin, muscles, nerves, and bloods vessel. Close wounds - injury to the soft tissue beneath unbroken skin. Pre - hospital treatment

1. scratches/ abrasions 2. laceration - regular and irregular   3. penetration and puncture wounds 4. avulsion 5. amputations 6. crushing injury (may be open or closed)   7. gunshot wounds   8. impaled objects Dressing